Mathematics

Statistics and Probability Concepts

M4 The student produces evidence that demonstrates understanding of statistics and probability concepts; that is, the student:

• M4a Collects data, organizes data, and displays data with tables, charts, and graphs that are appropriate, i.e., consistent with the nature of the data.
• M4b Analyzes data with respect to characteristics of frequency and distribution, including mode and range.
• M4c Analyzes appropriately central tendencies of data by considering mean and median.
• M4d Makes conclusions and recommendations based on data analysis.
• M4e Critiques the conclusions and recommendations of others' statistics.
• M4f Considers the effects of missing or incorrect information.
• M4g Formulates hypotheses to answer a question and uses data to test hypotheses.

Problem Solving and Mathematical Reasoning

M5 Mathematical reasoning:

• M5d The student demonstrates mathematical reasoning by generalizing patterns, making conjectures and explaining why they seem true, and by making sensible, justifiable statements; that is, the student:
  • formulates conjectures and argues why they must be or seem true;
  • makes sensible, reasonable estimates;
  • makes justified, logical statements.

Mathematical Skills and Tools

M6 The student demonstrates fluency with basic and important skills by using these skills accurately and automatically, and demonstrates practical competence and persistence with other skills by using them effectively to accomplish a task (perhaps referring to notes, books, perhaps working to reconstruct a method); that is, the student:

• M6a Computes accurately with arithmetic operations on rational numbers.
• M6b Knows and uses the correct order of operations for arithmetic computations.
• M6c Estimates numerically and spatially.
• M6g Reads and organizes data on charts and graphs, including scatter plots, bar, line, and circle graphs, and Venn diagrams; calculates mean and median.
• M6h Uses recall, mental computations, pencil and paper, measuring devices, mathematics texts, manipulatives, calculators, computers, and advice from peers, as appropriate, to achieve solutions.

Mathematical Communication

M7 The student uses the language of mathematics, its symbols, notation, graphs, and expressions, to communicate through reading, writing, speaking, and listening, and communicates about mathematics by describing mathematical ideas and concepts and explaining reasoning and results; that is, the student:

• M7a Uses mathematical language and representations with appropriate accuracy, including numerical tables and equations, simple algebraic equations and formulas, charts, graphs, and diagrams.

English Language Arts

Speaking, Listening, and Viewing

E3c The student prepares and delivers an individual presentation in which the student:

• shapes information to achieve a particular purpose and to appeal to the interests and background knowledge of audience members;
• shapes content and organization according to criteria for importance and impact rather than according to availability of information in resource materials;
• uses notes or other memory aids to structure the presentation;
• develops several main points relating to a single thesis;
• engages the audience with appropriate verbal cues and eye contact;
• projects a sense of individuality and personality in selecting and organizing content, and in delivery.

Applied Learning

Communication Tools and Techniques

A2c The student publishes information using several methods and formats, such as overhead transparencies, handouts, and computer generated graphs and charts; that is, the student:

• organizes the information into an appropriate form for use in the publication;
• checks the information for accuracy;
• formats the published material so that it achieves its purpose.

Information Tools and Techniques

A3a The student gathers information to assist in completing project work; that is, the student:

• identifies potential sources of information to assist in completing the project;
• uses appropriate techniques to collect the information, e.g., considers sampling issues in conducting a survey;
• interprets and analyzes the information;
• evaluates the information for completeness and relevance;
• shows evidence of research in the completed project.

A3b The student uses information technology to assist in gathering, analyzing, organizing, and presenting information; that is, the student:

• acquires information for specific purposes from on-line sources, such as the Internet, and other electronic data bases, such as a scientific data base on CD-ROM;
• uses word-processing, graphics, data base, and spreadsheet programs to produce project reports and related materials.

Performance Indicators for Technology-Literate Students Grades 3-5

from National Educational Technology Standards for Students: Connecting Curriculum and Technology, International Society for Technology in Education, 2000

1. Use keyboards and other common input and output devices (including adaptive devices when necessary) efficiently and effectively.

4. Use general purpose productivity tools and peripherals to support personal productivity, remediate skill deficits, and facilitate learning throughout the curriculum.

5. Use technology tools (e.g. multimedia authoring, presentation, Web tools, digital cameras, scanners) for individual and collaborative writing, communication, and publishing activities to create knowledge products for audiences inside and outside the classroom.

Performance Indicators for Technology-Literate Students Grades 6-8

5. Apply productivity/multimedia tools and peripherals to support personal productivity, group collaboration, and learning throughout the curriculum.

6. Design, develop, publish, and present products (e.g. Web pages, videotapes) using technology resources that demonstrate and communicate curriculum concepts to audiences inside and outside the classroom.